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When I started fly fishing in the mid 80's, the waters close to large urban settlements had been already impacted by the progress. Pollution, over fishing and a general degradation of the water quality already had depleted the natural fish presence to a more than remarkable level. Dams and other types of human interventions in the riverbed and its course did the rest and stopped the fish from running upstream. Oftentimes to catch a decent fish one had to pay for a put and take area where the fish got stocked regularly. The first no kill catch and release zone started to appear, but the impression was that most of these fisheries were managed like put & take and stuffed with unfit fish.